When cooking or looking through cookbooks and recipes, you might come across something called “white sauce” or “bechamel sauce.” 

White sauce is also known as béchamel sauce, which is one of the five mother sauces of French cuisine. Its neutral flavor and smooth texture make it an essential component of many classic French dishes, such as gratins and quiches. 

White sauce has become popular in cuisines around the world, and it is used in a variety of dishes and recipes, from lasagna to macaroni and cheese.

Whether you are a beginner cook or a seasoned chef, white sauce is an essential sauce to learn how to make. 

In this article, we will explore what white sauce is, its history and origin, and its main ingredients and purpose. 

We will also cover different types of white sauce variations, essential tools and equipment for making white sauce, and tips and tricks for making perfect white sauce every time.

What is white sauce?

White sauce is a creamy, thick sauce that is commonly used in a variety of dishes. It is made from a roux of butter and flour, which is then whisked with milk or cream until it thickens into a smooth, velvety sauce. 

White sauce is also known as bechamel sauce, which is one of the five mother sauces of French cuisine. Its neutral flavor and smooth texture make it an ideal base for other sauces and recipes.

What does white sauce taste like?

White sauce has a neutral flavor, meaning it does not have a strong taste on its own. It has a creamy and smooth texture that can be slightly thick or thin, depending on how it is prepared. 

The flavor of white sauce comes mainly from the milk or cream used in the recipe. 

Additionally, white sauce can be flavored with various herbs, spices, and seasonings, such as nutmeg, garlic, or thyme, to add more depth and complexity to its flavor. 

When used as a base for other sauces or dishes, white sauce can take on the flavors of the other ingredients and become more savory, cheesy, or tangy.

What is white pasta sauce?

White pasta sauce is a type of sauce that is made from a combination of butter, flour, and milk or cream. It is also commonly known as white sauce or Alfredo sauce however these two sauces are not the same thing!

White sauce is bechamel sauce that has a creamy, smooth texture and a mild, buttery flavor. The sauce is often used as a base for pasta dishes, and it can be flavored with various herbs, spices, and seasonings, such as garlic, parsley, or black pepper. 

White pasta sauce is a popular sauce for pasta dishes, particularly in Italian cuisine. It is often served with fettuccine or other types of long, flat pasta, but it can also be used with other types of pasta or even as a sauce for other dishes, such as chicken or vegetables.

Is white sauce the same as Alfredo sauce?

White sauce is French and Alfredo sauce is a different white sauce from Italy.

Italians typically use heavy cream, butter, parmesan cheese, and occasionally garlic to make Alfredo sauce. It is a rich sauce that is incredibly popular. 

French white sauce, sometimes called bechamel sauce, is a type of sauce. It is composed of cream and a roux (flour and butter).

White sauce and Alfredo sauce are similar in that they are both creamy, white sauces used in pasta dishes. However, they are not exactly the same thing.

White sauce, also known as béchamel sauce, is made from a roux of butter and flour, which is then whisked with milk or cream until it thickens into a smooth, velvety sauce. It has a mild, buttery flavor and is often used as a base for other sauces and dishes.

Alfredo sauce, on the other hand, is a variation of white sauce that was created by an Italian chef named Alfredo di Lelio in the early 20th century. 

It is made from a combination of butter, heavy cream, and Parmesan cheese, and it has a richer and more intense flavor than white sauce. Alfredo sauce is typically used with fettuccine or other long, flat pasta and is often served with chicken or shrimp.

So, while the white sauce and Alfredo sauce are similar, Alfredo sauce is a specific variation of white sauce that has its own unique flavor and ingredients.

What is white sauce used for? Common recipes

White sauce is a versatile sauce that is used in a variety of dishes and recipes. Here are 12 examples of what white sauce is used for:

1. Pasta dishes: White sauce is commonly used as a base for pasta dishes, such as fettuccine Alfredo or macaroni and cheese.
2. Lasagna: White sauce is used as a layer in lasagna, along with tomato sauce and cheese.
3. Casseroles: White sauce can be used in casseroles, such as tuna casserole or chicken and broccoli casserole.
4. Soups: White sauce can be used as a base for creamy soups, such as cream of mushroom soup or cream of broccoli soup.
5. Pot pies: White sauce can be used as a filling for pot pies, along with chicken or vegetables.
6. Gratin: White sauce can be used as a topping for gratin dishes, such as potato gratin or cauliflower gratin.
7. Vegetables: White sauce can be used as a topping for steamed or roasted vegetables, such as asparagus or Brussels sprouts.
8. Croquettes: White sauce can be used as a binder for croquettes, such as potato croquettes or salmon croquettes.
9. Seafood dishes: White sauce can be used as a topping for seafood dishes, such as baked cod or scallops gratin.
10. Eggs: White sauce can be used as a topping for eggs, such as eggs Benedict or creamed eggs.
11. Sandwiches: White sauce can be used as a spread for sandwiches, such as grilled cheese or tuna melt.
12. Pizza: White sauce can be used as a base for pizza, along with cheese and toppings, for a creamy and delicious pizza.

The history and origin of white sauce and bechamel sauce

White sauce and bechamel sauce have their roots in French cuisine. Bechamel sauce was named after Louis de Béchamel, a French politician and financier in the 17th century. 

The sauce became popular in French cooking and was later adopted in Italian cuisine. 

White sauce, which is essentially a variation of bechamel sauce, is also used in various cuisines around the world.

The main ingredients of white sauce and bechamel sauce and their purpose

The main ingredients in white sauce and bechamel sauce are butter, flour, and milk. Butter is used to create a roux, which helps to thicken the sauce. 

Flour is added to the roux to create a paste, which helps to bind the butter and milk together. 

Milk or cream is then added to the roux and flour mixture to create a creamy and smooth sauce. 

Other ingredients like salt, pepper, and nutmeg can be added for flavor.

When it comes to herbs and spices though, the most common additions include:

1. Nutmeg: This warm and nutty spice is a classic addition to white sauce and can be added in small amounts to bring out the natural sweetness of the sauce.
2. Garlic: Fresh or roasted garlic can be added to white sauce to give it a savory and pungent flavor.
3. Black pepper: This versatile spice can be added to white sauce to give it a mild kick and add a layer of complexity to its flavor.
4. Bay leaves: These aromatic leaves can be added to white sauce while cooking to give it a subtle herbal flavor.
5. Thyme: This fragrant herb can be added to white sauce to give it a slightly floral and earthy flavor.
6. Sage: This savory herb can be added to white sauce to give it a slightly sweet and peppery flavor.
7. Rosemary: This fragrant herb can be added to white sauce to give it a slightly piney and minty flavor.
8. Parsley: This bright and fresh herb can be added to white sauce as a garnish or stirred into the sauce to give it a subtle herbal flavor.
9. Dill: This delicate herb can be added to white sauce to give it a slightly sweet and tangy flavor.
10. Chives: These mild and slightly sweet herbs can be added to white sauce as a garnish or stirred into the sauce to give it a subtle onion flavor.

Types of white sauce and bechamel sauce variations and how to use them

There are different types of white sauce and bechamel sauce variations, each with its own flavor and purpose. 

For example, a cheese sauce is a variation of white sauce that adds grated cheese to the basic recipe, creating a rich and flavorful sauce that is perfect for mac and cheese or other pasta dishes. 

A mushroom sauce is another variation that adds sautéed mushrooms to the basic white sauce recipe, creating a savory and earthy sauce that is perfect for steaks and other meat dishes.

Essential tools and equipment for making white sauce and bechamel sauce

The tools and equipment needed to make white sauce and bechamel sauce are simple and easy to find. 

A heavy-bottomed saucepan is essential for creating a smooth and even sauce, while a whisk or wooden spoon is needed for stirring the ingredients together. 

Measuring cups and spoons are also important for ensuring accurate measurements of ingredients.

Tips and tricks for making perfect white sauce and bechamel sauce every time

Making perfect white sauce and bechamel sauce every time requires some practice and attention to detail. 

Some tips and tricks for making a smooth and creamy sauce include using cold milk or cream to prevent clumping, stirring constantly to prevent scorching, and adding ingredients slowly to avoid lumps. 

Additionally, adding a pinch of nutmeg or other seasonings can enhance the flavor of the sauce.

Common mistakes to avoid when making white sauce and bechamel sauce

Some common mistakes when making white sauce and bechamel sauce include using too much flour, not whisking constantly, and using too high heat. 

Using too much flour can result in a thick and lumpy sauce, while not whisking constantly can result in a scorched or burnt sauce. 

Using too high heat can also result in a burnt or lumpy sauce, so it’s important to keep the heat low and to stir constantly.

How to store and reheat white sauce and bechamel sauce properly

White sauce and bechamel sauce can be stored in an airtight container in the refrigerator for up to four days. 

To reheat the sauce, it can be gently heated in a saucepan over low heat while constantly stirring to prevent scorching. 

Here’s a full explanation about how to reheat sauce without burning it.

If the sauce is too thick, a little bit of milk can be added to thin it out.

White sauce and bechamel sauce as a base for other sauces and recipes

White sauce and bechamel sauce are versatile bases that can be used in a variety of recipes. 

For example, they can be used to make cheese sauce, mushroom sauce, and other types of sauces. They can also be used as a base for dishes like lasagna, gratin, and pot pie. 

The neutral flavor of white sauce and bechamel sauce makes them ideal for incorporating other flavors and ingredients.

Vegetarian and vegan options for white sauce and bechamel sauce

White sauce and bechamel sauce can be easily modified to be vegetarian and vegan-friendly. 

For example, butter can be replaced with plant-based margarine or olive oil, while milk can be replaced with almond milk or soy milk. 

Nutritional yeast can also be added to create a cheesy flavor without the use of cheese.

FAQs

Can I make white sauce and bechamel sauce without butter?

Yes, you can substitute butter with other fats like vegetable oil or margarine. However, the flavor and texture of the sauce may differ slightly.

Can I make white sauce and bechamel sauce without flour?

Flour is an essential ingredient in making white sauce and bechamel sauce, as it helps to thicken the sauce. 

However, if you are looking for a gluten-free option, you can use cornstarch or arrowroot powder as a substitute for flour.

How do I prevent my white sauce and bechamel sauce from getting lumpy?

To prevent lumps in your white sauce and bechamel sauce, make sure to whisk constantly while adding the milk or cream. 

You can also try using cold milk or cream instead of room temperature, which can help to prevent clumping.

How can I thin out my white sauce and bechamel sauce if it’s too thick?

To thin out your white sauce and bechamel sauce, you can gradually add more milk or cream until you reach the desired consistency. 

Alternatively, you can add a little bit of chicken or vegetable stock to thin out the sauce without affecting the flavor.

Can I make white sauce and bechamel sauce ahead of time?

Yes, you can make white sauce and bechamel sauce ahead of time and store it in the refrigerator for up to four days. 

To reheat the sauce, gently heat it in a saucepan over low heat while stirring constantly. If the sauce is too thick, you can add a little bit of milk to thin it out.

What is English white sauce?

English white sauce is a variation of white sauce that is commonly used in British cuisine. It is also known as “basic white sauce” or “cream sauce” and is made from a combination of butter, flour, milk or cream, and salt and pepper to taste.

The main difference between English white sauce and other variations of white sauce is the ratio of flour to butter. English white sauce typically uses equal parts of butter and flour, whereas other variations may use more flour than butter. 

This results in a thicker and more robust sauce that is well-suited for dishes like shepherd’s pie or fish pie.

English white sauce is a versatile sauce that can be used in a variety of dishes, from savory pies to pastas to vegetables. It can also be flavored with herbs and spices, such as nutmeg, thyme, or garlic, to add more depth and complexity to its flavor.

Overall, English white sauce is a classic sauce that is an essential component of many traditional British dishes.

Is mayonnaise white sauce?

Mayonnaise is not considered to be a type of white sauce. While both mayonnaise and white sauce have a creamy texture and can be used as a condiment, they are made from different ingredients and have distinct flavors.

Mayonnaise is made from a combination of oil, egg yolks, vinegar or lemon juice, and seasonings like mustard, salt, and sugar. 

The ingredients are typically emulsified into a thick, creamy sauce. Mayonnaise has a tangy flavor and is commonly used as a condiment for sandwiches, burgers, and salads.

White sauce, on the other hand, is typically made from a roux of butter and flour, which is then whisked with milk or cream until it thickens into a smooth, velvety sauce. It has a mild, buttery flavor and is often used as a base for other sauces and dishes.

So while both mayonnaise and white sauce are creamy and versatile, they are different sauces that are made from different ingredients and have different flavors.

Conclusion

In conclusion, white sauce is a versatile and delicious sauce that is used in a wide variety of dishes and cuisines around the world. 

Whether you are making a classic pasta dish, a savory casserole, or a creamy soup, white sauce is an essential component that adds richness, creaminess, and depth of flavor to your recipe.

The beauty of white sauce is its simplicity. With just a few basic ingredients – butter, flour, and milk or cream – you can create a smooth and velvety sauce that forms the base for countless recipes. 

And with the addition of herbs, spices, or cheese, you can customize the flavor to suit your taste and the dish you are making.

Whether you are a beginner cook or a seasoned chef, mastering the art of making perfect white sauce is a skill that will serve you well in the kitchen. By following the tips and techniques outlined in this guide, you can create a sauce that is smooth, creamy, and full of flavor, elevating any dish you make to the next level.